Once my church took on new leadership and the congregation had completely changed except for one family and two others of us, it was decided we should begin small groups. My small group has been poorly attended and lacked direction or function. Finally, a few weeks ago, our very young hostess took the bull by the horns, took over and led us in a very good Bible study. Up until then, we'd just kind of sat around and talked. Just sitting around socializing was dissatisfying but the Bible study was awesome.
And then, on a Friday, she asked me if I would lead a Bible study the following Monday. I wasn't sure if I could have something prepared in time but she would be out of town and if I didn't lead it, those of us who went would wind up just hanging out--again. I decided to give it some serious thought.
I would have liked to have done something along the lines of the last study we had, to stay in a theme of sorts but when it came right down to it, I didn't have time. However, there WAS the study on gluttony I had done for myself the previous week. I had everything (Bible verses, word definitions, etc.) typed up and ready. All I had to do was review it and make sure I knew how I would present it but how would a topic like that be received? I wasn't sure. Still, it was all I had so that's what I went with.
So who showed up besides me? Two skinny 20-something guys. And this 50-year-old, much-too-large woman is going to lead them on a study about gluttony? Get serious! And yet an amazing thing happened. For one thing, as I introduced the whole idea of using
bible.crosswalk.com to search and find the meanings for the Hebrew and Greek words used in the Bible, they were intrigued.
In the King James Version, the only words close to gluttony are glutton, the Hebrew word for which appears 8 times in the Old Testament, and gluttonous, which appears twice in the New. The word that's translated "gluttony" in Hebrew,
salal, actually has nothing to do with food and in fact, is used twice in Isaiah to describe the action of mountains. Basically, it means worthless, insignificant, vile, to make light of, squander or be lavish with. I've shortened it in my mind to mean "lavish squanderers in worthless pursuits".
In Deuteronomy 21:20, parents could bring their son to the elders of the city to have him stoned to death because he was stubborn, rebellious, disobedient, a drunkard and a worthless and lavish squanderer.
In Proverbs 23:20,21, we are warned to avoid drunkards and lavish squanderers because such people will become poor and sleepy.
Proverbs 28:7 warns us that the companion of lavish squanderers disgraces his father.
If one keeps with that same translation of meaning, in Isaiah 64:1-3, God is addressed. If only God would come down, the mountains would lavishly squander themselves before Him. In fact, when God has come down in the past, that's exactly what the mountains did.
Jeremiah 15:19, God is telling Jeremiah that He wants him to be His mouth, but only if he utters words of worth instead of lavishly squandering his words. Then he will be His spokesman.
Lamentations 1:11 The people are under seige and so hungry that they are selling their treasures for food but Jeremiah's words to them are considered worthless and lavish squandering.
Nothing about these passages are about eating. So what does it mean to lavishly squander? Do we do this with our time? Our interests? Our money?
The two passages in the New Testament are parallel stories from Matthew 11:19 and Luke 7:34 where Jesus compares the people's reactions to John the Baptist and Himself. John came, neither eating and drinking, and they say he has a demon. Jesus came eating and drinking and they call him a drunkard and a glutton.
Now here, in the Greek, the word used for glutton (phagos) really does refer to food. And "glutton" is the dictionary translation of the word. But the only time this word appears is in this accusation against Jesus.
In my personal study I did a google search for the word "glutton" and shared some of my findings.
Dictionary.com says it's excessive eating or drinking; habitual eating to excess.
whitestonejournal.com in a discussion of the "seven deadly sins" of which gluttony is apparently one, says that "The chief error about gluttony is to think it only pertains to food. Some people can't have enough toys, television, entertainment, sex or company. It is about an excess of anything." The article gives three forms of gluttony and we discussed each form:
1. Wanting more pleasure from something than it was made for. "It is possible to become so caught up in a pleasure, whether food or fun, that we can no longer enjoy other things, and would be willing to sacrifice other pleasures for the one."
An example is given of how, in Roman days, people would feast and feast and feast and when they'd had too much to eat, they'd go vomit and then return to feast some more. Today we have bulimics who do the same thing, though it's not just food and drink that this is done with.
2. Wanting it exactly our way. "In 'The Screwtape Letters', C.S. Lewis describes delicacy as a desire to have things exactly our way. He gives the example of food having to be prepared just right...but it isnt't limited to food. We might complain about unimportant defects in a product, the temperature in the room or the colour of a laundry basket. There is a certain amount of discomfort to be expected in life, but the Glutton will have none of it. Intead of becoming strong by suffering the minor inconveniences of life, the Glutton insists on being pampered."
I know when I've been on diets, I've been guilty of this and my current love of decaf Earl Grey tea could easily turn into this sort of delicacy if, when going to a friend's place, for example, I showed disappointment if they didn't serve me my favourite beverage.
3. Demanding Too Much From People. I've been guilty of this one. It's being so needy of someone else that one gets jealous when that someone else doesn't provide the attention one needs.
"It is said that St. Thomas More was an exceptionally fun person to be around, so much so that King Henry VIII of England kept calling for him, preventing Thomas from going home to his family. Thomas eventually began to curtail his merrymaking so that he was more dull company. This strategy worked, and he was able to live at home more often.
"The cure for Gluttony lies in deliberately reducing our use of pleasurable things, not in eliminating them. When eating, quit before feeling stuffed. When snacking, don't just keep stuffing, but quit after a while. With people, allow some quiet time together, and also get some time alone. Of course, if time alone is very pleasurable, get out more often. And if the toast is a bit too brown, eat it anyway."
At this point we got so caught up in discussion that we never did the second half of what I had prepared. We talked about things like pain and suffering. If gluttony is lavish squandering or, as one fellow put it, self-centred and self-serving, then the act of reducing pleasurable things could mean pain and suffering. One of them asked, "So what IS suffering for Jesus?"
This is a favourite topic of mine. An extreme example of suffering for Jesus comes from a book I keep in my washroom called
Extreme Devotion by Voice of the Martyrs. It contains 365 one-page stories of persecuted Christians from the beginning of Christendom to today. I read it through in a year and at the end of the year I start again. I'm getting close to beginning it for the third time. It keeps me in touch with what devotion to Christ really is. The story I read the day before the study was about a thief who wound up in a Russian jail during the Communist era. Because of his contact with Christians, he became one himself. Once he was released he became a powerful force for Christ. Then his pastor was arrested and the pastor's captors brought the former thief before him and told him to renounce Jesus or they'd gouge out the former thief's eyes. What a decision for the pastor! It's one thing to relinquish your own eyes, but someone else's? The former thief told him to not renounce his faith. He'd give up his eyes and he did. Then the captors brought the former thief in front of the pastor again and told him to renounce Jesus or they'd cut out the former thief's tongue. Piece by piece that man's body was cut away until he died. But Jesus was not renounced. That's an extreme form of suffering for Christ.
But there are many ways. Whenever we choose to give up something that matters to us, no matter how seemingly insignificant, and we're giving it up (or embracing it--as the case may be) because our loyalty to Jesus requires it (this is important--it's not giving things up just for the sake of suffering), we are suffering for Jesus. When my husband asks me to watch a movie with him but I'd rather not because I don't enjoy his company and I don't like movies, but I do it anyway because I know God wants me to do things that will build my marriage up, the pain (as insignificant as it may seem) is suffering for Jesus.
The young man who asked me this question looked at me rather strangely. How could this be suffering for Jesus? Jesus said that when we are faithful in small things, He can entrust us with bigger things. I suggest to you, as I did to him, that those who have been willing to be tortured or killed rather than renounce Jesus began accepting suffering in its lesser forms long before they were in the place of the greater suffering.
When we begin to reduce our pleasures, we will feel the pinch of it. It will hurt. But we do it because we want to embrace something bigger than ourselves, something bigger than our own needs, wants and desires. We want to embrace the fullness of life that God offers and we can't do that when we're living lives of lavish squandering and dissipation. As one of the fellows pointed out, it really comes down to who we love most--ourselves, others or God. When we love others more than ourselves and God more than either ourselves or others, we're going to be making decisions that pinch. Sometimes they'll be outright painful. This is suffering for Christ. This is choosing Christ over pleasure, choosing Christ over lavish squandering on things that ultimately are worthless.
It was an amazing time as we studied and discussed. Finally, one of the young men asked if we could have a time of silent contemplation. We followed that with an incredible time of prayer. God was present in a way I would never have anticipated when faced with leading a study on gluttony to two young, skinny guys. It was so awesome. It was all so unlikely and so improbable. God is good.
And the way our discussion turned to the suffering church was so "a propos" because beginning the next day, I was to attend a three-day seminar on the suffering church led by a couple who have presented this seminar around the world. The seminar would end at 5:00 on Thursday and at 7:00 that evening I would begin attending a conference on living in the supernatural. I was so excited about what was ahead and the Bible study on gluttony was an unexpected but awesome jump into all that was to come.